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Welcome to
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Contents 1. LCD Technology 1) What is TFT LCD ? 2) Structure of TFT LCD 3) TFT-LCD Operating Mechanism 4) Operating Theory 5) Structure LCD Module 6) Structure of Back light 7) Function of Back light 8) Key Parts ; Color Filter, Polarizer 2. LCD Market Trend (1) Comparison with other Display devices (2) World Display Market Trend (3) LCD TV Market trend (4) Guidance of handling LCD product (5) Abbreviations 3. LCD TV Structure (1) General Specifications (2) Presentation for SVC Eng
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1. LCD Technology 1) What is TFT LCD ? 2) Structure of TFT LCD 3) TFT-LCD Operating Mechanism 4) Operating Theory 5) Structure LCD Module 6) Structure of Back light 7) Function of Back light 8) Key Parts ; Color Filter, Polarizer 3
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What is TFT(Thin Film Transistor)? TRANSISTOR TFT (MOS-FET) DRAIN DRAIN GATE Vth GATE Vth SOURCE SOURCE TPE When supply over certain voltage(Vth) to Compound Transistor with thin film in every Pixel the GATE, it delivers information from on ITO. Drain to Source Independent on neighboring Pixel SWITCHING Characteristics TFT Panel TFT Cross section TFT Element SOURCE DRAIN GATE Semi-Conductor Insulator Glass Panel Transparent Pixel Electrode 4
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Structure of TFT- LCD 300 ㎛ ㎛ ㎛ ㎛ (Approx....) TFT LCD Panel C/F Glass ) One Pixel Common Electrode TFT Glass ) Pixel Electrode Data Line Gate Line ④ ④ ④ ④ Liquid Crystal Control the amount of light by the Applying Voltage Glass ③ ③ ③ ③ Pixel ① ① ① ① Source Polarizer Transport the Applying + + + + Voltage Data Signal - to the - - Liquid Crystal - - - Glass + Liquid Crystal ② ② Gate ② ② On/Off the TFT Back Light - - - - - - White (TFT Off) Black (TFT On) 5
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TFT- LCD Operating mechanism The structure of TFT-LCD is that Liquid Crystal is being filled between C/F Glass & TFT Glass. One Pixel consists of 3 sub-Pixels(R,G,B) and according to the number of the pixels, Display Resolution (SVGA,XGA,etc) is determined. The TFT Matrix consists of Data Line(Carrying display data signal),Gate Line(Carrying signal for turn On/Off the TFT).Each TFT, on each sub-pixel, controls the amount of Applying Voltage between C/F glass electrode & TFT glass electrode fo
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Operating Theory (Braun Tube : Light Emitting Component) (TFT-LCD : Non-Light Emitting Component) COLOR FILTER GLASS Glass Panel Anode Polarizer Polarizer Grid 1 Grid 4 Flourescent Grid 3 HEATER Liquid Crystal Green Beam Luminous Light(White) Source Grid 2 Deflection Electronic Gun Vacuum Section TFT+Electrode Electrode 7
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Structure of LCD Module LCM = Case top + LCD panel B/L Assy + Plate Case Top ① LCD Panel ② ③ Diffusers & Prisms Back light Light Guide Assy Reflector Lamp Housing Lamp D-IC(on TCP) PCB ④ Support Main Bottom Plate Bottom Cover 8
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Structure of LCD Module Driving Circuit Bright Dark Gray Common Data Driver IC Electrode R Printed PCB Board G B Gate Driver IC Inverter Dn-1 Dn Pixel Array & Wiring Dn+1 LC Pixel Electrode Power Supply Polarizer for Video Signal CF Panel LC Panel LC TFT Panel Polarizer Lamp Lamp Prism Diffuser B/L Unit Lamp Light Guide Reflector Inverter 9
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Plate Supporter main Lamp Ass’y Screw Lamp Housing Structure of Back Light Unit Pad Diffuser(Protector) Top Prism Bottom Prism Diffuser Light Guide Reflector 10
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Function of Back Light Function on each part Structure of Back Light LCD PANEL Display the light controlled by data signal Diffuser Same structure as bellow diffuser, Protect the (Protector) top prism Top Prism Same function as bottom prism, Increase the luminance up to 1.33 times of bottom prism Bottom Prism Concentrate the light and increase the luminance up to 1.55 times of the light guide Uniform and concentrate the light received Diffuser from light guide Lamp Light guide Guide th
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Key Parts : Color Filter To realize color of the Display, array Red,Green & Blue color paint beneath Upper Glass Panel regularly in accord with Pixel electrode of lower Glass Panel. ! Kinds of Pixel Array ③ Mosaic Array ② Stripe Array ① Delta Array ! The Function of Color Filter Divide the white light from luminous source into Red, Green & Blue White Light Common Electrode Pixel Glass RG B 12
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Key Parts : Polarizer A kind of filter, which polarize light one direction. Light Polarizer 13
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Key Parts : Back Light Back Light Unit,located behind TFT-Panel lower Glass, and supplies light to the PANEL. CCFL LAMP (Cold Cathode Fluorescence Lamp) Can realize White Light LAMP Long life time(Appr. 25,000HRS) Simple Brightness control Small Size Easy to Adhere AC 1000V Inverter Direct Type Side Guided Type LCD Panel LCD Panel Structure Guide LAMP Reflector LAMP CASE High Light Efficiency Merits Slim & Compact Size Simple Structure Demerits Complicated Structure,Expensive Thick Low Light Eff
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Key Parts : Drive IC Supplies the signal from PCB to TFT-PANEL TCP TYPE DRIVER IC (Tape Carrier Package) GATE DRIVER IC(8EA) : Horizontal Supplies signals from Data line to the Gate of TFT-PANEL sequentially. Each IC controls 128 lines in horizontal. DRIVER IC SOURCE DRIVER IC(5EA) : Vertical Supplies the Pixel Data from SOURCE to each Pixel when the Gate of TFT PANEL ON. Each IC controls 154 lines in vertical. 15
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2. LCD Market Trends (1) Comparison with other Display devices (2) World Display Market Trend (3) LCD TV Market Trend (4) Guidance of handling LCD products (5) Abbreviations 16
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Comparison with other Display devices Large Screen Basic Functions Full Response Over 40” Contrast Brightness Resolution View Angle Color Time Normal C P T Flat LCD PDP* VFD** *PDP : Plasma Display Panel **VFD : Vacuum Flourescent Display : Very Good(Possible to realize) : Good(Hard to realize) : Bad(Impossible to realize) 17
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World Display Market Trend 60” Projector 50” P D 40” P 30” LCD CRT Market 1 20” Market 3 LCD 10” LCD Market 2 Small AV System NTPC*** Monitor Large AV System NTPC : NoteBook PC 18
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World Market LG LCD TV Market Trend World Market LCD TV K 7000 7000 6000 5000 4000 4000 Volume 3000 2000 2000 1000 500 250 1000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Years Source : IDC JAPAN 19
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Guidance of handling Color TFT LCD Module Color TFT LCD Module is very sensitive both electrically and physically.Users, therefore, are requested to follow the “Guidance of handling color TFT LCD Module” on the followings. Be careful not to make scratch 5 High temperature & high humidity 1 on the polarizer. reduce the life-time. - Surface of polarizer is soft and can be - LCD is not proper to be used at high temp- physically damaged easily. erature and high humidity. - Please do not touch, push
