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Environment
IN FOR M ATION FROM KO DAK
H-182 (ENG) $1.00
Safe Handling, Storage, and Destruction
of Nitrate-Based Motion Picture Films
This publication will
help you understand
Photographic films on cellulose nitrate Association (NFPA), Standard for the
the requirements
base (nitrocellulose) were introduced Storage and Handling of Cellulose
by Eastman Kodak Company in 1889. Nitrate Motion Picture Film, 1994
to safely handle,
This film base had excellent physical Edition (NFPA 40). The NFP
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There are several methods to identify Deteriorated films in the first two SAFE HANDLING a film base. stages are photographically You can prepare and analyze a sample reproducible. Unless you have expertise As cellulose nitrate film decomposes, it of a film base by infrared absorption in determining the characteristics of can release nitric oxide, nitrogen through an analytical laboratory using nitrate films in various stages of dioxide, and other gases. These vapors the procedure outline
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Exposure to temperatures in excess of STORAGE PROJECTION 185°F accelerates decomposition of these films. While they deteriorate, Choosing a storage facility for cellulose You need to exercise care when nitrate-based films can develop pressure nitrate films depends on the amount of attempting to project cellulose nitrate and heat in the film can, especially when film to be stored. films. Cellulose nitrate motion picture the can is taped closed. Contained gases For short-term storage, you
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For ground and ocean transportation, REPAIR AND DUPLICATION TRANSPORTATION packagings must meet the packing group III (three) performance standards. Cellulose nitrate film repair and Cellulose nitrate films that are shipped For air transport (domestic or duplication services are not commonly to a facility for storage, projection, international) packagings must meet the offered. The following companies that duplication, or repair must meet special packing group II (two) performance provi
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following EPA Waste Codes may apply HAZARDOUS WASTE WASTE MANAGEMENT to cellulose nitrate film: STORAGE AND DESTRUCTION Stable cellulose nitrate films designated for destruction or those that All cellulose nitrate films that are Cellulose nitrate films that have reached are in one of the first two stages of marked for destruction need to be stored the third stage of decomposition, or have decomposition should be classified as a and transported under water. no historical value, need t
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Package waste nitrocellulose-based There are many facilities in the HAZARDOUS WASTE films with not less than 25-percent water United States that are permitted to TRANSPORTATION and label as a flammable solid: manage these types of waste. The following companies provide trans- The transportation of cellulose nitrate portation and waste treatment. This list Packaging Specifications films is regulated by both the US DOT is provided for your convenience and and the United States Environmenta
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of Cellulose Nitrate Photographic REFFERENCES Negatives,” December, 1994, de l’Université et Marie Curie, Paris, 1. ISO/DIS 10356: France. Cinematography—Storage and Handling of Cellulose Nitrate Base 9. Ram, A. Tulsi, Kopperl, D.F., film. Sehlin, R.C., Masaryk-Morris, S., Vincent, J.L., and Miller, P., “The 2. ANSI/NFPA 40 (1994 edition) Effects and Prevention of the Standard for the Storage and ‘Vinegar Syndrome,’” Journal of Handling of Cellulose Nitrate Imaging Science and Tech
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MORE INFORMATION J-110 Formaldehyde Use in Photographic Processing Facilities J-111 Determining Workplace Exposure to For more information about Formaldehyde Kodak Environmental www.kodak.com/go/kes Services, visit Kodak online at J-112 Formaldehyde Emergencies J-113 About the OSHA Formaldehyde Standard For environmental or safety questions about Kodak 1-585-477-3194 J-311 Hazard Communication for Photographic products, services, or Processing Facilities publications, call J-312 Personal Pr
