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hp 48gII
graphing calculator
user’s manual
K
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Preface You have in your hands a compact symbolic and numerical computer that will facilitate calculation and mathematical analysis of problems in a variety of disciplines, from elementary mathematics to advanced engineering and science subjects. The present Guide contains examples that illustrate the use of the basic calculator functions and operations. The chapters in this user's manual are organized by subject in order of difficulty: from the setting of calculator modes, to
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Table of Contents Chapter 1 – Getting Started, 1-1 Basic Operations, 1-1 Batteries, 1-1 Turning the calculator on and off, 1-2 Adjusting the display contrast, 1-2 Contents of the calculator’s display, 1-2 Menus, 1-3 The TOOL menu, 1-3 Setting time and date, 1-3 Introducing the calculator’s keyboard, 1-4 Selecting calculator modes, 1-6 Operating mode, 1-7 Number Format and decimal dot or comma, 1-10 Standard format, 1-11 Fixed format with decimals, 1-
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Creating algebraic expressions, 2-4 Using the Equation Writer (EQW) to create expressions, 2-5 Creating arithmetic expressions, 2-5 Creating algebraic expressions, 2-8 Organizing data in the calculator, 2-9 The HOME directory, 2-9 Subdirectories, 2-9 Variables, 2-10 Typing variable names, 2-10 Creating variables, 2-11 Algebraic mode, 2-11 RPN mode, 2-13 Checking variables contents, 2-14 Algebraic mode, 2-14 RPN mode, 2-14 Using the right-shift k
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Operations with units, 3-12 Unit conversions, 3-14 Physical constants in the calculator, 3-14 Defining and using functions, 3-16 Reference, 3-18 Chapter 4 – Calculations with complex numbers, 4-1 Definitions, 4-1 Setting the calculator to COMPLEX mode, 4-1 Entering complex numbers, 4-2 Polar representation of a complex number, 4-2 Simple operations with complex numbers, 4-3 The CMPLX menus, 4-4 CMPLX menu through the MTH menu, 4-4 CMPLX menu in the keyboard, 4
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The PROPFRAC function, 5-11 The PARTFRAC function, 5-11 The FCOEF function, 5-11 The FROOTS function, 5-12 Step-by-step operations with polynomials and fractions, 5-12 Reference, 5-13 Chapter 6 – Solution to equations, 6-1 Symbolic solution of algebraic equations, 6-1 Function ISOL, 6-1 Function SOLVE, 6-2 Function SOLVEVX, 6-4 Function ZEROS, 6-4 Numerical solver menu, 6-5 Polynomial Equations, 6-6 Finding the solution to a polynomial equation, 6-6
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The SEQ function, 7-6 The MAP function, 7-6 Reference, 7-6 Chapter 8 – Vectors, 8-1 Entering vectors, 8-1 Typing vectors in the stack, 8-1 Storing vectors into variables in the stack, 8-2 Using the matrix writer (MTRW) to enter vectors, 8-2 Simple operations with vectors, 8-5 Changing sign, 8-5 Addition, subtraction, 8-5 Multiplication by a scalar, and division by a scalar, 8-6 Absolute value function, 8-6 The MTH/VECTOR menu, 8-7 Magnitude, 8-7 Dot p
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Function TRACE, 9-7 Solution of linear systems, 9-7 Using the numerical solver for linear systems, 9-8 Solution with the inverse matrix, 9-10 Solution by “division” of matrices, 9-10 References, 9-10 Chapter 10 – Graphics, 10-1 Graphs options in the calculator, 10-1 Plotting an expression of the form y = f(x), 10-2 Generating a table of values for a function, 10-3 Fast 3D plots, 10-5 Reference, 10-8 Chapter 11 – Calculus Applications, 11-1 The CALC (Calculus)
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Curl, 13-2 Reference, 13-2 Chapter 14 – Differential Equations, 14-1 The CALC/DIFF menu, 14-1 Solution to linear and non-linear equations, 14-1 Function LDEC, 14-2 Function DESOLVE, 14-3 The variable ODETYPE, 14-4 Laplace Transforms, 14-5 Laplace transforms and inverses in the calculator, 14-5 Fourier series, 14-6 Function FOURIER, 14-6 Fourier series for a quadratic function, 14-6 Reference, 14-8 Chapter 15 – Probability Distributions, 15-1 The MTH/PROBA
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Chapter 17 – Numbers in Different Bases, 17-1 The BASE menu, 17-1 Writing non-decimal numbers, 17-1 Reference, 17-2 Warranty – W-1 Service, W-2 Regulatory information, W-4 Page TOC-8
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Chapter 1 Getting started This chapter is aimed at providing basic information in the operation of your calculator. The exercises are aimed at familiarizing yourself with the basic operations and settings before actually performing a calculation. Basic Operations The following exercises are aimed at getting you acquainted with the hardware of your calculator. Batteries The calculator uses 3 AAA batteries as main power and a CR2032 lithium battery for memory backup. Before usin
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b. Insert a new CR2032 lithium battery. Make sure its positive (+) side is facing up. c. Replace the plate and push it to the original place. After installing the batteries, press [ON] to turn the power on. Warning: When the low battery icon is displayed, you need to replace the batteries as soon as possible. However, avoid removing the backup battery and main batteries at the same time to avoid data lost. Turning the calculator on and off The $ key is located at the lower left co
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RAD XYZ HEX R= 'X' For details on the meaning of these specifications see Chapter 2 in the calculator’s user's guide. The second line shows the characters { HOME } indicating that the HOME directory is the current file directory in the calculator’s memory. At the bottom of the display you will find a number of labels, namely, @EDIT @VIEW @@ RCL @@ @@STO@ ! PURGE !CLEAR associated with the six soft menu keys, F1 through F6: ABCDEF ABCDEF The six labels
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@EDIT A EDIT the contents of a variable (see Chapter 2 in this Guide and Chapter 2 and Appendix L in the user's guide for more information on editing) @VIEW B VIEW the contents of a variable @@ RCL @@ C ReCaLl the contents of a variable @@STO@ D STOre the contents of a variable E ! PURGE PURGE a variable CLEAR F CLEAR the display or stack These six functions form the first page of the TOOL menu. This menu has actually eight entries arranged in two pages. The se
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the blue ALPHA key, key (7,1), can be combined with some of the other keys to activate the alternative functions shown in the keyboard. P For example, the key, key(4,4), has the following six functions associated with it: P Main function, to activate the SYMBolic menu „´ Left-shift function, to activate the MTH (Math) menu … N Right-shift function, to activate the CATalog function ~p ALPHA function, to enter the upper-case letter P Page 1-5
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~„p ALPHA-Left-Shift function, to enter the lower-case letter p ~…p ALPHA-Right-Shift function, to enter the symbol π Of the six functions associated with a key only the first four are shown in the keyboard itself. The figure in next page shows these four labels for the P key. Notice that the color and the position of the labels in the key, namely, SYMB, MTH, CAT and P, indicate which is the main function (SYMB), and which of the other three functions is associated with the left-shi
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Press the !!@@OK#@ F soft menu key to return to normal display. Examples of selecting different calculator modes are shown next. Operating Mode The calculator offers two operating modes: the Algebraic mode, and the Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) mode. The default mode is the Algebraic mode (as indicated in the figure above), however, users of earlier HP calculators may be more familiar with the RPN mode. To select an operating mode, first open the CALCULATOR MODES input fo
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1./3.*3. ————— /23.Q3™™™+!¸2.5` After pressing `the calculator displays the expression: √ (3.*(5.-1/(3.*3.))/23.^3+EXP(2.5)) Pressing `again will provide the following value (accept Approx mode on, if asked, by pressing !!@@OK#@): You could also type the expression directly into the display without using the equation writer, as follows: R!Ü3.*!Ü5.- 1/3.*3.™ /23.Q3+!¸2.5` to obtain the same result. Change the operating mode to RPN by first pressing the H button. Se
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different levels are referred to as the stack levels, i.e., stack level 1, stack level 2, etc. Basically, what RPN means is that, instead of writing an operation such as 3 + 2, in the calculator by using 3+2` we write first the operands, in the proper order, and then the operator, i.e., 3`2`+ As you enter the operands, they occupy different stack levels. Entering 3`puts the number 3 in stack level 1. Next, entering 2`pushes the 3 upwards to occupy stack level 2. Finall
